TMJ: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment Options

The temporomandibular joint, commonly referred to as TMJ. is one of the body’s most complex joints. Here, our Penticton dentists explain three main types of TMJ disorders (TMD), symptoms and treatment options.

What is TMJ Disorder?

The TMJ is the joint that joins your jaw to the temporal bones of your skull, which are situated just below your temple and in front of your ear. You move your jaw, eat, talk, breathe, and do everything else using this hinge.

TMJs (temporomandibular joint disorders) are caused by problems with the jaw and facial muscles. You start to feel pain there, and if the condition worsens, the joint might eventually stop moving altogether.

Types of TMJ Disorder

There are actually three main types of TMJ disorders:

Joint Degenerative Disorders

Most commonly known as osteoarthritis, this joint degenerative disorder happens when cartilage holding the round ends of the two bones in your jaw together breaks or wears away.

During movement, cartilage absorbs shocks and enables easy bone-to-bone contact. You may not be able to move your jaw as the cartilage deteriorates, and you will experience pain and swelling.

Muscle Disorders

Also referred to as myofascial pain, muscle disorders involve pain and discomfort in all the muscles controlling the function of your jaw. You may also experience pain in your jaw muscles, shoulders and neck.

Joint Derangement Disorders

A soft, small disc located between the temporal bone and the condyle makes the opening and closing of the jaw smooth and easy. This disc is also important as it absorbs shocks to the jaw joint that happen during movement.

When an individual has a joint derangement disorder, the inner workings of the jaw are disrupted or unbalanced due to a dislocated disc or damaged bone.

This displaced disc causes internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint. Currently, there is no surgical solution to this problem.

Symptoms of TMJ Disorder

With every type of TMJ Disorder, you’ll likely experience pain in your jaw and face. The area around your ears may hurt, and you’ll feel an ache when you open your mouth to eat or talk.

Other symptoms may include:

  • Facial bruising or swelling
  • Problems opening, closing or clenching your jaw
  • Headaches, dizziness or pain in your temples
  • Grinding, clicking or popping sounds when you open your jaw
  • Additional pain in your neck and/or shoulders

When You Should See a Dentist for TMJ Treatment

Make a dental appointment if at-home remedies like avoiding stress, chewing gum, massaging your neck and jaw muscles gently, and trying over-the-counter non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) have not worked.

Your dentist will review your dental history, perform a thorough examination of your bite and jaw, and take x-rays to assess before providing an official diagnosis of TMJ Disorder. The treatment he or she recommends may include:

  • TMJ therapy
  • Physical Therapy
  • Oral Surgery
  • Dental splints
  • Prescription medications

Your dentist can help you manage your TMJ Disorder with a combination of home remedies and attentive dental care.

Are you experiencing headaches, dizziness, or jaw pain? We may be able to develop a treatment plan to help or provide you with a referral. Book an appointment with our Penticton dentists today.

Welcome to Eckhardt Dental Centre

We want to help keep your smile healthy and happy. Contact our Penticton clinic to make an appointment with our dental team.

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